After severe floods struck the region in 1753, the residents of Senbon Matsubara in Shizuoka joined forces to build flood‑control measures along the Kiso, Nagara, and Yuhi rivers. Meanwhile, the people of Satsuma (Kumamoto Prefecture) endured great hardship when the central government compelled them to undertake this work, a subtle sign of the resentment that would later flare into open rebellion a century later.